Prototype strategy
Six prototype types. Don't build the wrong one.
Each prototype answers a different question and costs a different amount. Founders waste months and €30–80k building appearance models when they need architecture rigs, or building functional EVTs when they still need to prove the basic mechanism. The plan saves the money.
Appearance model
Painted SLA, no electronics. €800–2k. For investor demo, brand review, or trade-show booth. Cannot validate fit, mechanism, or sealing.
Architecture rig
CNC + 3D-print enclosure with eval-board electronics inside. €3–8k. Validates PCB outline, antenna keepout, battery volume, assembly sequence. Built before custom PCB layout.
EVT functional
Custom PCB + SLS/MJF enclosure. 3–5 units, €5–15k. Validates electronics architecture, firmware, sensor placement, antenna gain. Drives the freeze for DVT.
DVT pre-tooling
Soft-tool or CNC parts at production materials. 20–50 units, €15–40k. Validates DFM, certifications (EMC, IP, drop), supplier capability. Last stop before steel.
EVT golden samples
First-shot parts from production tooling. 50–100 units. Calibrates the AQL inspection plan, MTM firmware test, and operator training before pilot run.
Pilot production
100–500 units at production tooling, production assembly line. Validates yield, ramp curve, packaging, logistics, and the field-failure rate that justifies your warranty reserve.